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試論外貿(mào)英語信函的文體風格

蔣宏

【摘要】文章根據(jù)作者講授外貿(mào)函電的經(jīng)歷,探討了外貿(mào)函電的文體特點。外貿(mào)函電應(yīng)準確,簡明,扼要。禮貌和體諒也是商務(wù)信函書寫的重要原則。同時應(yīng)用主動句,少用被動句,信要寫的自然,避免使用陳舊的語言。

【關(guān)鍵詞】英語信函;文體特點;禮貌體諒;主動語態(tài)

外貿(mào)英語信函作為外貿(mào)英語的一個重要組成部分,受其行業(yè)特點的影響,具有其特有的文體風格。 在外貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)中,每筆交易的達成,多與買賣雙方的共同努力,相互協(xié)作密不可分。同時,為了擱置各自利益,買賣雙方存在激烈的競爭。這種競爭中要有合作,合作中競爭的行業(yè)特點必然給外貿(mào)英語信函賦予鮮明的行業(yè)特點。 外貿(mào)英語最顯著的文體風格之一是用語禮貌。禮貌的用語會給買賣雙方的合作創(chuàng)造一個良好的氛圍。友好的氣氛是順利進行業(yè)務(wù)交往的前提,即使交易不成,也會起到“買賣不成人情在”的效果,為以后再次交往打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 一、措詞用語禮貌客氣 言語是表達情感的重要手段。禮貌客氣的措詞用語首先就在買賣雙方之間創(chuàng)造一個友好的氣氛。 1.對對方的一切友好表示,如詢盤、報盤、訂貨等不管接受與否多要表示感謝 We thank you for your letter of Oct. 27 and should like to discuss the possibility of expanding the trade with you. 感謝你方10月27日來函,并希望同你方討論擴大貿(mào)易合作的可能性。 We are pleased to receive your inquiry of January 10th and enclose our illustrated catalog and price list giving the details you ask for. 很高興受到你方1月10日的詢價。根據(jù)你方要求,現(xiàn)寄上帶插圖的目錄及明細價格單。 We thank for your quotation of March 3rd and the samples of socks sent to us. 謹對3月3日的報價及寄來的襪子樣品表示感謝。 2.提供令人滿意信息時,要用語客氣 We have the pleasure to inform you that the shipment per S.S “Nan Fang” has gone forward and hope that it will arrive at the destination in perfect condition. 欣告你方“南方”輪已順利裝載,希望到達目的港時貨物良好。 Much to our delight, our manufacturers are prepared to rearrange their production for you. 令我十分高興的是,廠家為您重新安排生產(chǎn)。 3.提供令人不滿意的信息或向?qū)Ψ奖硎静粷M時, 更要注意措辭 Please accept our apologies for being unable to entertain your counter-offer. 不能考慮你方還盤,甚歉。 Much to our regret, the L/C for your order No 105 has not reached us up to now. 令我非常遺憾的是,貴方105號訂單直至目前尚未到達我處。 It is regrettable to see an order dropped owning to no agreement on price; however, we wish to recommend you another quality at a lower price for your consideration. 很遺憾,因為無法就價格達成協(xié)議,失去了一個訂單。但我們?nèi)越ㄗh你們考慮較低價格的另一品級。 4.向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆螅惨v究禮貌客氣 Your early reply to our request will be highly appreciated. 如蒙早日答復我方要求,我將不勝感激。 We look forward with keen interest to your punctual shipment. 我殷切希望貴方準時交貨。 二、避免消極否定的語氣 1.盡量避免使用具有否定含義的詞語 The shipment will not arrive in Boston until the end of August. 這句話強調(diào)了裝載的貨不能早來這樣一個不祥的事實,如反過來用積極肯定的語氣表達,效果就不同了,看了令人鼓舞。 The shipment will arrive in Boston at the end of August. 再看下面這個句子: Your order can not be filled unless you request a minimum quantity of 1,200 pieces. 這句話不僅強調(diào)了什么不能做,而且還有指責對方的口氣,不易為人所接受。最好改為: Your order can be filled if you request a minimum quantity of 1,200 pieces. 再如:We are holding back your shipment until we receive your payment. 應(yīng)改為: We will forward your order to you as soon as payment is received. 2.防止“冷漠” 和“不必要條件” Your car will be picked up on Tuesday at noon. 本句并無語意毛病,但如采用較積極說法,效果則更好。 Your car will be waiting for you on Tuesday at noon. 下面再看“不必要條件”措詞的不足之處。 a. If you send us a check for $1,200 right away, you will be able to--- b. By send us a check for $1,200 right away, you will be able to--- a句中含有對方可能不會寄交支票來的言外之意。把“if”至于句首,則更強調(diào)了條件限制。而b句雖表達同樣意思,卻無上述否定可能性的言外之意。 3.要采取對方立場 作為一個交際者,面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是如何使對方感到自己的重要性受到尊重。對方會原諒你的無意疏忽或模棱兩可的態(tài)度,卻受不了你的輕視鄙薄。

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